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Topics:  How to apply recommended patches.

Steps to apply UNIX patches:

1 – Download a most recent patch into your secure server.

Go to http://www.sun.com to get the most up to date patch applicable to your machine.

2 – ftp your patch to the server that needed to be upgraded.

Login to the server you want to apply patches. Then check that patches have already applied and check the available space.

$showrev –p | grep patchnumber      # to check that patch was applied or not.

$df –k       #write down the place you want to replace the patch for example /u02

$mkdir /u02/patches  # make directory to store the recommended patches

$ ftp the_secure_server

$ftp> bin

$ftp> get 8_Recommended.zip /u02/patches/8_Recommended.zip

Check the ftp downloaded file size.

3 – Unzip or untar the patch.

$cd /u02/patches

$unzip 8_Recommended.zip  

4 – Check available disk spaces on root, /var, /opt, and /usr.

$df –k

check /, /usr, /var, and /opt. Make sure that you have enough space on those file system.

4b – Read the cluster patches nstallation if you have cluster server (HA)

Skip this part if you don’t have cluster server or HA.

$Stop your clusters on both server.

5 – Check disk layout for root disk.

$df –k

Write down the file system for root, /usr, /var, and /opt.

Or Print

$lp –d your_printer_destination your_file_system    for ex: lp –d comproom myfile

6 – Stop all databases or application running on the server.

7 – Boot the server from CDROM.

$su # sign on as root

$init 0

ok boot cdrom –s

8 – Save all system information to a tape.

User usfdump or any other backup utility you have to dump the root, /var, /opt, and /usr file systems.

$mount /dev/dsk/c0t0d0s0 /a

$cd /a

Write a script to dump all above file systems to tape.

$ufsdump 0f  /dev/rmt/0n  /dev/dsk/c0t0d0s0                 # for example as root

$ufsdump 0f  /dev/rmt/0n  /dev/dsk/c0t0d0s2                 # for example as /var

$ufsdump 0f  /dev/rmt/0n  /dev/dsk/c0t0d0s3                 # for example as /opt

$ufsdump 0f  /dev/rmt/0    /dev/dsk/c0t0d0s4                 # for example as /usr

use "vi myufsdump" and write all ufsdump commands. 

Save and close the file.

Then execute the script.

TERM=ansi;export TERM               # to user vi

$. ./myufsdump

Check the ufsdump to be sure that your backup was successful.

$ufsrestore –tvf  /dev/rmt/0

9 – Boot the server as a single user.

$init 0

$boot -s

10 – Apply patches to the server.

Mount to the file system that you save and unzip your patches. Then execute the install_cluster.

$mount /dev/dsm/c0t9d0s0 /u02

$cd /u02/patches/8_Recommended

$./install_cluster

11 – Check the logs.

$more /var/sadm/install_data/…..log

12 – Start all databases or application software, and clusters on the servers, if there are no errors.

If you don’t have enough space and need to change or swap the file systems, you need to do the following.

Assuming you want to change /opt to /var and /var to /opt.

Assuming also that /dev/dsk/c0t0d0s1 mounted as /var and /dev/dsk/c0t0d0s5 mounted as /opt.

$mt rewind

$mt fsf 1 – Assuming this is the place you have already dump /var to tape.

$newfs  /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s5 – clear /opt.

$mount /dev/dsk/c0t0d0s5 /a

$cd /a

$ufsrestore –rvf /dev/rmt/0n  # restore /var and copy it into /opt location.

$ls –al  --make sure it is

Repeat the same process for restoring /opt in /var location.