-
You
can use this module
to
identify the different components of your system board
. We will demonstrate the standard
AT
, and the ATX
system
boards.
-
When
comparing system motherboards always consider that there might be certain
manufacturer differences between the boards discussed in this module
and
the other products in the market.
-
Most
system boards currently available in the market should follow the
standards of AT
or
ATX
systems.
-
AT
System
Boards
-
AT
IO
controller
-
IDE
controller
-
ATX
System
Boards
-
Expansion
slots
-
Expansion
slots variety
-
AT
Memory
slots
|
-
System
battery
-
L2
cache
-
Processor
Socket
-
CMOS
-
ATX
systems
-
ATX
Variations
-
Pentium
4
Systems
|
-
The
main PC standard was IBM
, which produced the baby 8088
systems. The IBM design was standardized and had an open architecture
-
This
lead to the advent of the IBM
compatibles
produced by other manufactures such as Compaq, AST, Dell, Gateway which
used different components and designs but had the same BIOS
standard
and essentially performing the same task.
-
This
Competition among the manufactures leads to better products and cheaper
prices.
-
There
are two main board designs that you may come across; The AT
and
the ATX
design.
-
Let’s
take a closer look at the AT
and
ATX
boards
and find out all the major component positions on the system boards. ATX System Board
AT
Keyboard
IDE
Controller
AT
Expansion
Slots
-
Usually have at least 1 ISA
slot and another expansion slot,
EISA
, VESA
, PCI
.
-
You
are more likely to come across ISA
and
PCI
slots
in the market for AT
boards
AT
Memory
slots
CPU
and
L2 Cache
CPU
consumes power of 5V
There
is usually a certain amount of L2 cache
on the system board
AT
CPU
Variety
-
The CPU
on the AT
board range from the 286
processor
to the Pentium
processor that may consume up to
5V of power and plug in to a socket
.
-
The CPU
is usually placed in to a Zero
Insertion Force (ZIF
) socket
on an AT
system
AT
Power
connector
-
There
are two segments to the power Pins connections on the AT
motherboard
, P8
and
P9
-
Power
switch
is hardware based.
AT
BIOS
System
Battery
AT
Chipset
-
There
are a variety of chipset
vendors
in the market for AT
and
ATX
systems
including Intel
, VIA, OPT, SIS etc.
ATX
boards
ATX
features
-
The processor is placed near the
PSU
for better cooling of the CPU
, which consumes 3.3V power.
-
The
ATX
motherboard
has
mainly PCI
expansion
slots
and one or two ISA
slots
and built on the motherboard.
-
The ATX
motherboard
usually has a single fast AGP
slot port built on the board
-
The
system processor is placed close to the RAM
DIMM
sockets
near the top of the board.
-
The memory
DIMM
slots are perpendicular to the
expansion slots
. The power socket
is a one-piece socket.
-
The BIOS
is stored on the flash RAM
that can be updated to change
system limitations.
-
The ATX
board chipset
usually requires a heat sink and
the board does not have any L2 cache
built on it.
-
ATX
external ports are connected to
the motherboard
including PS2 ports, USB
ports, parallel port
, and serial port
.
-
Some boards also have a games
port
and sound card
ports built onboard.
-
There is a two pin power
connector which needs to be connected to the power switch to enable soft
shutdown
and boot up
’s.
-
There are a number of the ATX
board which may have ISA
and PCI
slots and may cater for slot CPU
’s
1) Which board is
an ATX
system board
a)
Board 1
b)
Board 2
2) Which board is
an AT
system board
a)
Board 1
b)
Board 2
3) From fig1 select the character that defines the processor
4) From fig1 select
the character that defines the DIMM
Slots)
5) From fig1 select
the character that defines the battery
6) From fig1 select
the character that defines the speaker
7) From fig1 select
the character that defines the ISA
slots
8) From fig1 select the character that defines the PCI
slots
9)
From fig1 select the character which defines the AGP
slots
10)
From fig1 select the character which defines the power socket
)
11)
From fig1 select the
character which defines the
Parallel
Port
)
12)
From fig1 select the character which defines the PS/2
ports
13)
From fig1 select the
character which defines the USB
ports
14)
From fig1 select the character which defines the IDE
controllers
15)
From fig1 select the character which defines the floppy controller
16)
From fig2 select the character which defines the Serial port
17)
From fig2 select the character which defines the games port
18)
From fig2 select the character which defines the VGA
port
19)
From fig2 select the character which defines the USB
port
Answers
1)B
2)A 3)M
4)B 5)G
6)F 7)H
8)I
9)E 10)A
11)J 12)L
13)K
14)D 15)C
16)E 17)B
18)D 19)F
|